Change the numbers, layout and number of problems, then download a new PDF with its answer key.
The 9 times table worksheets on this page cover every fact from 9 × 1 to 9 × 12, and the key idea is “ten times minus one”. The 11 PDFs have fill-in charts, wheels, skip counting, drills, missing factors, division facts, a caterpillar, a riddle, match-up cards, bingo and story problems, and every sheet has an answer key.
They follow standard 3.OA.C.7 of the Common Core standards for grade 3 operations and algebraic thinking, and the notes below show the whole table, the trick, which facts are new, how to tell whether a number is in the table, and where the nine times table appears in real life. The answers go above 100 from 9 × 12 = 108, so the later facts are used in grade 4.
The finger trick. 9 × 4 = 36.
The 9 times table
The 9 times table has more patterns than any other table, which makes it one of the easiest to check.
Fact
Answer
Fact
Answer
9 × 1
9
9 × 7
63
9 × 2
18
9 × 8
72
9 × 3
27
9 × 9
81
9 × 4
36
9 × 10
90
9 × 5
45
9 × 11
99
9 × 6
54
9 × 12
108
Patterns in the 9 times table
From 9 × 1 to 9 × 10, the digits of the answer add up to 9: 9 × 6 = 54 and 5 + 4 = 9.
The tens digit is one less than the number you multiply by: 9 × 7 = 63.
Multiply by 10, then take one group away: 9 × 8 is 80 − 8 = 72.
The finger trick: hold up ten fingers and fold down the one you are multiplying by. Fingers to the left are tens, fingers to the right are ones.
How to use these 9 times table worksheets
Learn it in order: the in-order column and the skip counting number lines build the sequence 9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54 and so on.
Mix it up: the mixed-up column, the times table wheel and the fact practice page make children recall each fact on its own.
Work backwards: missing factor problems and the 9 division facts use the same table in reverse.
Play: the caterpillar, riddle, match-up cards and bingo make good review days.
9 times table worksheets: what is in the set
There are 11 worksheets on this page for the 9 times table, and every one has an answer key except for the cut-out games. There are fill-in charts, two wheels, eight number lines for skip counting, 30 drill facts, 24 missing-factor problems, 24 division facts, four games and story problems.
Worksheet
What children do
Standard
9 Times Table Fill-In
The 9 times table in order, then mixed up.
3.OA.C.7
9 Times Table Wheels
Two wheels: multiply the middle number by each number on the ring.
3.OA.C.7
Count by 9s
Skip count by 9 on eight number lines.
3.OA.C.7
9 Times Table Facts
30 vertical facts from the 9 times table.
3.OA.C.7
9 Times Table Missing Factors
24 problems like 9 × ☐ = 63.
3.OA.C.7
Dividing by 9
24 division facts from the 9 times table.
3.OA.C.7
9 Times Table Caterpillar
12 facts along the caterpillar.
3.OA.C.7
9 Times Table Riddle
Solve the facts to decode a riddle.
3.OA.C.7
9 Times Table Match-Up
Match 10 facts to their products.
3.OA.C.7
9 Times Table Bingo
Bingo boards and calling cards for the 9 times table.
3.OA.C.7
9 Times Table Story Problems
Six story problems that use the 9 times table.
3.OA.C.7
The 9 times table: all twelve facts
The 9 times table is the list of the 9 × 1 to 9 × 12 facts. Reading down the answers is the same as counting by 9s, and the picture below the table shows the jumps on a number line. This table lists the twelve facts with some of the patterns that children can notice:
Fact
Answer
The digits add up to
Last digit
Odd or even
9 × 1
9
9
9
odd
9 × 2
18
9
8
even
9 × 3
27
9
7
odd
9 × 4
36
9
6
even
9 × 5
45
9
5
odd
9 × 6
54
9
4
even
9 × 7
63
9
3
odd
9 × 8
72
9
2
even
9 × 9
81
9
1
odd
9 × 10
90
9
0
even
9 × 11
99
18
9
odd
9 × 12
108
9
8
even
The digits of every answer add up to 9, or to 18 for 99. The digit sums are always 9 or 18. The last digits of the twelve answers are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, which is 10 different digits.
The first ten answers end in 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, and then the pattern of last digits repeats. Children who notice these patterns remember the table better than children who only chant it, and the multiplication chart shows the nine times table in a row of the full chart.
Skip counting by 9. The first twelve multiples.
Nine times table worksheet: the trick of ten times minus one
To multiply by 9, multiply by 10 and take away the number: 9 × 7 is 70 − 7 = 63. The tens digit of the answer is one less than the other number, and the digits always add up to 9. Here is the trick for six facts, with every step shown. Each answer is the same as the one in the table above:
Fact
Steps
Answer
9 × 3
10 × 3 = 30, minus 3 = 27
27
9 × 6
10 × 6 = 60, minus 6 = 54
54
9 × 7
10 × 7 = 70, minus 7 = 63
63
9 × 8
10 × 8 = 80, minus 8 = 72
72
9 × 12
10 × 12 = 120, minus 12 = 108
108
A nine times table worksheet is much easier when children know the trick, since they do not need to remember every fact. Show the trick with objects first, and then use the picture on this page. Our guide to times tables tricks has tricks for the other tables, and the multiplication arrays and equal groups page shows why they work.
9 times table practice: which facts are new?
The 9 times table practice is easier than it looks, because most of the facts have been met in other tables. Multiplication works in either order, so 3 × 9 is the same as 9 × 3. If children learn the tables in the usual order, which is 2, 5, 10, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, the nine times table is the ninth one, and this table shows which of its twelve facts are already known and which are new:
Only 3 of the twelve facts are new, so this table is a short step. The new facts are the ones that need practice, and the wheels and the caterpillar sheets are good for them. The previous table in the usual order is the 8 times table page. After this comes the 11 times table page.
Multiplication by 9 worksheets: is a number in the table?
The multiplication by 9 worksheets practice the facts, but it is useful to know how to test a larger number. A number is in the 9 times table if the digits add up to a multiple of 9. This table applies the test to four numbers, with the check:
Number
Is it in the 9 times table?
Check
54
yes
9 × 6 = 54
81
yes
9 × 9 = 81
100
no
100 ÷ 9 = 11 remainder 1
126
yes
9 × 14 = 126
Multiples on a hundreds chart. 11 of the 100 numbers.
The picture above shows the multiples of 9 on a hundreds chart. This table counts them:
Question
Answer
How many multiples of 9 are there from 1 to 100?
11
What share of the numbers from 1 to 100 is that?
11%
What is the biggest multiple of 9 up to 100?
99
How many different last digits do the multiples up to 100 have?
10
On the hundreds chart the multiples of 9 form a pattern that children can see and describe: a diagonal line. A child who colors the multiples of 9 on a hundreds chart will often find the rule for themselves.
The 9 times table in real life
The 9 times table appears in everyday counting, and children remember the facts better when they link them to things they know. This table shows six situations, with the multiplication and the answer:
Situation
Sum
Answer
Innings in 4 baseball games
9 × 4
36
Players on 5 baseball teams
9 × 5
45
Squares in 7 tic-tac-toe boards
9 × 7
63
Squares in 9 sudoku boxes
9 × 9
81
Chairs in 8 rows of 9
9 × 8
72
Lives of 6 cats, at nine each
9 × 6
54
Ask children to find a seventh example at home, and to write the multiplication for it. Show the finger trick and ask a different 9 fact every day for a week.
9 × 9 and the numbers next door
The square number 9 × 9 = 81 is surrounded by neighbors that follow a rule. If one factor goes down by 1 and the other goes up by 1, the answer is 1 less than the square. If they move by 2, it is 4 less, and by 3 it is 9 less. This table shows the neighbors of 9 × 9:
Steps away from the square
Fact
Answer
Difference from 9 × 9
0
9 × 9
81
the square
1
8 × 10
80
−1
2
7 × 11
77
−4
3
6 × 12
72
−9
4
5 × 13
65
−16
5
4 × 14
56
−25
The differences are the square numbers 1, 4, 9, 16 and 25. For example, 8 × 10 = 80, which is 81 − 1. This is a useful check: if a child knows 9 × 9 = 81, then 8 × 10 must be 80. Some of the neighbors lie beyond the 12 × 12 chart, but the rule still works.
Division facts for the 9 times table
Every fact in the 9 times table gives two division facts. Since 9 × 3 = 27, we also know that 27 ÷ 9 = 3 and 27 ÷ 3 = 9. The worksheets on this page have 24 division facts and 24 missing-factor problems, which use the same family. This table shows six of the families:
Most mistakes come from counting too few or too many groups, or from mixing up two facts. This table shows five mistakes, what went wrong and the fix:
What the child writes
What went wrong
The fix
9 × 6 = 45
uses the 5 times table (5 × 9 = 45)
the tens digit is 5 (6 − 1) and the ones digit is 4 (10 − 6): 54
9 × 7 = 54
counts one group too few
9 × 7 is 9 more than 9 × 6, so add 9: 63
9 × 6 = 15
adds the two numbers instead of multiplying
read the sign as “groups of”: 9 groups of 6 is 54
9 × 6 = 45
writes the digits of the answer the wrong way round
count by 9s to check: the answer is 54
9 × 7 = 70
uses the table next door
say the whole fact in the 9 times table: 9 × 7 = 63
The 9 times table word problems
Word problems show where the 9 times table is used. Ask children to say whether the problem has equal groups, to write a number sentence and to answer in a full sentence:
Word problem
Working
Answer
A baseball game has 9 innings. How many innings are in 4 games?
9 × 4 = 36
36
A coach has 45 players for teams of 9. How many teams can she make?
9 × ☐ = 45, so ☐ = 5
5
63 squares are shared equally among 9 sudoku boxes. How many squares are in each box?
63 ÷ 9 = 7
7
There are 8 rows of 9 chairs in a hall. How many chairs are there?
9 × 8 = 72
72
A cat has nine lives. How many lives do 6 cats have?
9 × 6 = 54
54
A tic-tac-toe board has 9 squares. How many squares are on 9 boards?
9 × 9 = 81
81
Games and activities for the 9 times table
Children learn the 9 times table best when they play with it. These games use things that are found at home or in a classroom:
Roll and multiply: roll a die, multiply the number by 9 and say the answer; the first player to say five correct answers wins
Fact bingo: call a fact from the 9 times table and children mark the answer on their board
Finger trick duel: two children show the finger trick for the same fact and see who is faster
Count around the circle: count by 9s around a circle, and the child who reaches or passes 100 wins the round
Division detective: turn over a card with a number in the table, such as 63, and say the division fact: 63 ÷ 9 = 7
Match-up cards: match 10 facts to their products, and sort them by the number of digits in the answer
Extra support and extra challenge with the 9 times table
For children who need more support: use arrays, counters or coins to build the 9 times table before using numbers. Say the skip counting aloud and point at each jump on the number line. Start with the facts that are already known (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10) and add the new ones, 9, 11, 12, one at a time. Do not use timed tests until the facts are secure.
For children who need more challenge: Find the digit sum of every multiple of 9 up to 108, and explain why it is always 9 or 18.
How to tell that a child is ready to move on from the 9 times table
Before moving on from the 9 times table, check that the child can do all four of these things:
The child says the first twelve multiples of 9 in order, without help.
The child answers mixed facts from the 9 times table without counting.
The child divides by 9, so a product like 63 gives 7.
The child uses the table to solve a story problem.
A short lesson is the best way to introduce the 9 times table. This 20-minute plan can be used in a classroom, at a tutoring session or at home, and it uses the worksheets at the end:
Minutes
Activity
What to say or ask
0 to 4
Build 9 × 3 and 9 × 7 with arrays or counters
How many groups of 9 do we have?
4 to 8
Skip count by 9s on the number line to 12 × 9
What do you notice about the last digits?
8 to 12
Teach the trick: ten times minus one
Can you use the trick for 9 × 8?
12 to 17
Play a fact game in pairs
What is 9 × 9, and how do you know?
17 to 20
Start a worksheet and check one answer by division
What is 54 ÷ 9?
Where the 9 times table fits across the grades
No skill stands alone. This table shows what children learn before and after the 9 times table, with the standard that goes with each step:
Grade
What children do
Standard or page
Grade 2
Skip count by 2s, 5s and 10s, and work with equal groups
This page is the page for the nine times table. The whole sequence is on the times tables worksheets page.
Helping at home with the 9 times table
Parents do not need to be experts to help with the 9 times table. These suggestions work well, and each takes only a few minutes:
Show the finger trick and ask a different 9 fact every day for a week.
Say a fact in the 9 times table each morning and ask for the answer at night.
Count in 9s on the stairs, in the car or on a walk.
Ask a division question each day, such as “how many 9s are in 54?”
Praise the child who finds a trick, and keep the sessions to five minutes.
How to check progress in the 9 times table
A teacher or parent can check progress in the 9 times table with the answer key and a few questions. This table shows three common situations, what they mean and what to do next:
What you see
What it means
What to do next
The child counts on fingers for every fact
The facts are not yet remembered
Skip count together and practice the new facts: 9, 11, 12
Hold up ten fingers. For 9 × 4, fold down the fourth finger. There are 3 fingers to its left and 6 to its right, so the answer is 36. It works from 9 × 1 to 9 × 10.
Which times tables should children learn first?
Most children learn 2, 5 and 10 first, then 3, 4 and 6, then 7, 8 and 9. See all the times tables worksheets.
Do these worksheets include answer keys?
Yes. Every worksheet except the cut-out games has an answer key on the last page of the PDF.
What are the first twelve multiples of 9?
The first twelve multiples of 9 are 9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63, 72, 81, 90, 99, 108. Counting by 9s up to 108 gives the same list as the 9 times table.
Which facts in the 9 times table need the most practice?
In the usual order of learning, the new facts are 9 × 9, 9 × 11, 9 × 12, and the other facts are known from earlier tables. To multiply by 9, multiply by 10 and take away the number: 9 × 7 is 70 − 7 = 63. The tens digit of the answer is one less than the other number, and the digits always add up to 9.
How long does it take to learn the 9 times table?
Most children need one to two weeks of short sessions for the 9 times table, since 3 of the 12 facts are new. The sheets on this page go from charts to drills and games, so a child can practice for as long as they need.
