2-Digit by 1-Digit Multiplication Worksheets

2-digit by 1-digit multiplication is the first multi-digit multiplication that children do, and it uses the times tables with place value. The seven PDFs on this page have problems with and without regrouping, on plain paper and on grid paper, plus a riddle and story problems, and every sheet has an answer key. They follow standard 4.NBT.B.5 of the Common Core standards for grade 4 number and operations in base ten, and the notes below show the steps, how often regrouping happens, and two other ways to see the same answer.

Quick answer: 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication multiplies a number from 10 to 99 by a single digit, such as 47 × 6 = 282, using place value and carrying. This page has 7 free printable worksheets with answer keys for grades 3 and 4. Updated October 2026.

How to multiply a 2-digit number by a 1-digit number

Multiply the ones first, then the tens. In 47 × 6:

1. Ones: 7 × 6 = 42. Write 2 and carry the 4 tens.
2. Tens: 4 × 6 = 24, plus the 4 carried is 28.
3. The answer is 282.

Without regrouping, no product is 10 or more, as in 23 × 3 = 69. That is why the “no regrouping” sheet comes first.

Another way: partial products

Split the 2-digit number into tens and ones: 47 × 6 = 40 × 6 + 7 × 6 = 240 + 42 = 282. This shows why the method works and is a good way to check answers.

What is on this page

• No regrouping, always regrouping and mixed sets of column problems.
• Grid paper to keep digits lined up.
• A riddle and story problems.

2-digit by 1-digit multiplication worksheets: what is in the set

There are 7 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication worksheets on this page, and every one has an answer key except for any cut-out games. Three sheets are column problems (no regrouping, regrouping and mixed), two use grid paper or a horizontal layout, one is a riddle and one has story problems.

2 digit by 1 digit multiplication worksheets: how the sets are built

The 2 digit by 1 digit multiplication worksheets in this pack start with problems that have no regrouping, so that children can see that the product of each digit is written under it. The next sheets need regrouping in every problem, and then the mixed sheet has some of both. Wikipedia’s article on multiplication algorithms shows how the same idea is used for large numbers. This table shows the formats on the page and what each is best for:

The answer keys show the carries as well as the answers, so that children can find a mistake in the exact column where it happened.

2-digit by 1-digit multiplication: the column method

The column method for 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication multiplies the ones first, writes the ones digit of the product, and carries the tens to the next column. These tables show three problems step by step. The first has no regrouping, since every product is less than 10:

23 × 3 = 69

The second has a carry from the ones to the tens:

47 × 6 = 282

The third has a carry in both columns, so its product has three digits:

85 × 9 = 765

Multiplication with regrouping worksheets: what regrouping means

The multiplication with regrouping worksheets are about trading. When the ones product is 10 or more, ten ones are traded for one ten, as in addition. In 47 × 6 the ones product is 42, which is 4 tens and 2 ones, so the 2 is written and the 4 tens are added to the tens column. This table shows six problems and what happens to the ones:

This idea is the same as in the addition worksheets pages, and the place value worksheets pages show why ten ones make one ten. A child who understands the trade does not need to memorize the rule “carry the 4”.

2 digit multiplication: how often does regrouping happen?

In 2 digit multiplication, regrouping is more common than not. This table counts the 90 two-digit numbers from 10 to 99 for each multiplier from 2 to 9, and shows how many have no regrouping, how many regroup in the ones, and how many have a three-digit product:

With a multiplier of 2, 20 of the 90 numbers need no regrouping, and with a multiplier of 9 only 2 do, which are 10 and 11. For a multiplier of 2 the products have three digits from 50 onwards, and for 9 they have three digits from 12 onwards. The no-regrouping sheet therefore uses small multipliers such as 2, 3 and 4, since for larger multipliers such problems are rare.

Double digit multiplication: partial products and the area model

Another way to see double digit multiplication is to split the 2-digit number into tens and ones, and to multiply each part. These are the partial products. In 47 × 6, 40 × 6 = 240 and 7 × 6 = 42, so the product is 282. The area model draws the two parts as two boxes, as the diagram above shows. This table shows six problems with the two partial products:

The tens part is always a multiple of 10, so it uses the times tables and a zero. The ones part is a single times table fact. Both methods give the same answer, and the partial products method is a good way to check the column method.

4th grade multiplication: estimating and checking

In 4th grade multiplication, children estimate before they calculate, and check afterwards. To estimate, round the 2-digit number to the nearest ten, and multiply. This table shows six problems, with the estimate and the exact answer:

The estimate is within 50 of the exact answer in every case, and the size of the answer is right. The check is to divide the product by the multiplier, which should give back the start. This table checks four answers:

The estimating with rounding page has more practice with estimating, and the long division 2-digit by 1-digit page uses the same facts in reverse.

Common mistakes with 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication

The most common mistake is to forget the carry. This table shows five mistakes, what went wrong and the fix:

2-digit by 1-digit multiplication word problems

Story problems use packs, rows and boxes. Ask children to write the multiplication, estimate, and then solve with the column method:

Games and activities for 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication

Children learn 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication best when they play with it. These games use things that are found at home or in a classroom:

• Tens and ones: build 47 with tens rods and ones cubes, and make 6 copies to count the product
• Dice multiplication: roll two dice for a 2-digit number and one die for the multiplier, and multiply
• Estimate first: estimate each problem by rounding, and then check with the exact answer
• Carry detective: find a mistake in a worked example, such as a missing carry
• Riddle race: solve the problems on the riddle sheet to decode the joke
• Multiplication bingo: a bingo card with products, and calling cards with problems

Extra support and extra challenge with 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication

For children who need more support: make sure the times tables are secure, and use base-ten blocks or drawings of tens and ones. Do the no-regrouping sheet first. Use grid paper, and write the carry small above the next digit. Check every answer with the area model, and use the answer key to find the column where a mistake happened.

For children who need more challenge: ask for the biggest 2-digit number that gives a 2-digit product with a multiplier of 4, for two different problems that have the product 168, and for the missing digit in 3☐ × 6 = 204. Try to estimate which problems need regrouping before solving them.

How to tell that a child is ready to move on from 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication

Before moving on from 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication, check that the child can do all four of these things:

1. The child multiplies the ones and then the tens.
2. The child carries the tens, and adds the carry after multiplying.
3. The child estimates and checks the product.
4. The child solves a story problem with a 2-digit number.

When all four are true, move on to the 3 and 4-digit by 1-digit multiplication page, or to the 2-digit by 2-digit multiplication page.

A 20-minute lesson on 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication

A short lesson is the best way to introduce 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication. This 20-minute plan can be used in a classroom, at a tutoring session or at home, and it uses the worksheets at the end:

Where 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication fits across the grades

No skill stands alone. This table shows what children learn before and after 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication, with the standard that goes with each step:

This page is the first of the multi-digit multiplication pages. The whole sequence is on the multiplication worksheets page.

Helping at home with 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication

Parents do not need to be experts to help with 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication. These suggestions work well, and each takes only a few minutes:

• Practice the times tables a few minutes a day.
• Ask the child to estimate the answer before calculating.
• Use real numbers: “6 packs of 47 cards, how many cards?”.
• Look for the carry when checking the homework.
• Use grid paper to keep the digits in columns.

How to check progress in 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication

A teacher or parent can check progress in 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication with the answer key and a few questions. This table shows three common situations, what they mean and what to do next:

A five-day plan for 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication

Most children need about a week of short sessions for 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication. This plan follows the order of the worksheets on this page:

When the plan for 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication is complete, move on to the 3 and 4-digit by 1-digit multiplication page. The whole sequence is on the multiplication worksheets page.

2 digit by 1 digit multiplication worksheets: how many problems need regrouping?

We checked all 720 problems from 10 × 2 to 99 × 9. 672 of them (93%) need regrouping at least once, which is why a page of 2 digit multiply 1 digit problems feels harder than a page of single-digit facts.

Multiplication worksheets 2 digit by 1 digit, and 3 and 2 digit multiplication worksheets

This page is also searched as 2 digit multiply 1 digit worksheet pages, multiplication worksheets 2 digit by 1 digit, 2 digit by 1 digit multiplication worksheet, 2-digit multiplication worksheet, multiplication by 1 digit worksheets and 2 digit by 1 multiplication worksheets. All of these are the free PDFs above. When you are ready to go up, the 2 and 3 digit multiplication worksheets, the 3 and 2 digit multiplication worksheets and the 2 digit by 3 digit multiplication worksheets are on our multiplication worksheets page. A multiplication cheat sheet 1 digit by 2 digits is the partial product method in the table above: multiply the ones, then the tens, then add.